Buddhists across Sri Lanka are marking the Esala Full Moon Poya Day, one of the most important observances in the Buddhist calendar, which commemorates the conception of Prince Siddhartha and the Buddha's first sermon.

The Esala Full Moon Poya Day holds profound significance in Buddhist tradition, marking multiple pivotal moments in the history of Buddhism. According to Buddhist teachings, this day commemorates the conception of Prince Siddhartha in the womb of Queen Mahamaya, an event considered foundational to the religion's origins.

The occasion also celebrates the Buddha's first sermon, known as the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta or the Turning of the Wheel of Dhamma, which was delivered seven weeks after he attained Enlightenment. This historic discourse took place at the Deer Park in Isipathana, located near ancient Benares, now known as Varanasi in India. The Buddha delivered this sermon to five ascetics named Kondanna, Vappa, Bhaddiya, Mahanama, and Assaji, during which he expounded the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path—core teachings that became fundamental to Buddhism's philosophical framework.

Beyond its religious significance, the Esala Poya marks the commencement of the annual Vas, or rains retreat, a three-month period during which Buddhist monks remain in their temples for intensive meditation and religious study. Across Sri Lanka, devotees are observing the day by visiting temples, observing Sil (precepts), making alms offerings, and participating in religious services and Dhamma sermons to honour the occasion's sacred importance.