Medical specialists in Sri Lanka are expressing concern over an increasing prevalence of colon and rectal cancers, attributing the trend to shifting dietary habits and modern lifestyles. Experts emphasize the importance of early detection, as these cancers often develop through a preventable pre-cancerous stage.

Medical professionals across Sri Lanka are raising alarms about a growing number of colorectal cancer cases, with specialists identifying changing lifestyles and dietary patterns as primary contributing factors. According to gastrointestinal surgeon Dr. Isuru Upanishan, colon and rectal cancers have become among the most frequently diagnosed malignancies affecting both men and women in the country, based on 2022 cancer registry data.

What distinguishes colorectal cancer from many other malignancies is its development pathway. The disease typically begins as small growths called polyps on the inner lining of the large intestine, some of which may eventually transform into cancer. Significantly, experts note that this cancer type often passes through an identifiable pre-cancerous phase, creating an opportunity for prevention before malignant transformation occurs. Dr. Upanishan emphasized that early intervention during this phase can prevent cancer development entirely, making colorectal cancer one of the few cancers where prevention is genuinely possible.

Common warning signs include rectal bleeding, black-colored stools, changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain or bloating, unexplained weight loss, and persistent fatigue. Dr. Supun Kulatunga cautioned that persistent bowel changes lasting several weeks warrant medical evaluation rather than dismissal, as symptoms continuing beyond a few days may indicate serious underlying conditions. Risk factors include low-fiber diets, high consumption of processed or red meat, smoking, alcohol use, family history, and sedentary lifestyles.

Doctors express particular concern about younger generations shifting away from traditional foods toward processed alternatives. This dietary transition, combined with declining consumption of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, is driving increasing prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders including colorectal cancer among younger age groups. Specialists stress that public awareness about symptoms and risk factors remains essential for early detection and improved outcomes.